How to choose a forklift
Six decisions that determine which forklift you need and what data to ask for before comparing quotes.
1. Capacity and load centre
A forklift's rated capacity is calculated for a specific load centre, normally 500 mm (600 mm on some models). If the load is longer or you lift it to a great height, the actual capacity drops. That is why the datasheet always states the load centre alongside the kilos.
Choose the capacity according to the heaviest load you will move, not the average, and leave a margin if the pallet is long or unbalanced.
2. Lift height and mast
Lift height is how high the fork rises. The height with the mast retracted decides whether the truck fits through doors, docks or inside a container. Measure the lowest opening on your route and compare it with that figure in the datasheet.
If you work with high racking, also check the free height and the type of mast each model offers.
3. Indoor or outdoor
Electric forklifts are quiet and emit no gases in use, which is why they are the usual choice indoors. Diesels offer more power outdoors, on ramps and on uneven ground, but must not be used in enclosed spaces without ventilation. The tyre type (solid or pneumatic) also depends on the floor and the model.
4. Power: lead, lithium or diesel
The choice of power affects operating cost, recharging time and maintenance. We explain it in detail in the guide on electric, lithium or diesel forklifts.
5. Aisles and manoeuvring
Look at the stacking aisle width in the datasheet, which is stated for a 1000 × 1,200 mm pallet, and the turning radius. For narrow aisles and high racking there are reach trucks and stackers, which work in far less space than a counterbalance truck.
6. Shifts and environment
If the machine works several shifts, the way you recharge the battery makes the difference. In cold stores, or with dust or rain, ask about the protection rating and the cold-store configuration, depending on model.
What we need to prepare a quote
- Weight and dimensions of the pallet or load
- Maximum lift height
- Indoor or outdoor use and floor type
- Aisle and door widths
- Work shifts per day
- Destination country and number of units
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